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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">history</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник РГГУ. Серия: Литературоведение. Языкознание. Культурология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>RSUH/RGGU Bulletin: “Literary Teory. Linguistics. Cultural Studies”, Series</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-6355</issn><publisher><publisher-name>RSUH</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.28995/2686-7249-2021-5-54-68</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">history-1012</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КУЛЬТУРНО-ИСТОРИЧЕСКИЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>STUDIES IN CULTURAL HISTORY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Портрет Рыбницкого ребе и способы коммуникации с ним</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Portrait of the Rybnitser Rebbe and ways of communication with him</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Каспина</surname><given-names>М. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kaspina</surname><given-names>M. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мария М. Каспина, кандидат филологических наук</p><p>125993, Москва, Миусская пл., д. 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maria M. Kaspina, Cand. of Sci. (Philology)</p><p>ld. 6, Miusskaya Sq., Moscow, 125993</p><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kaspina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский государственный гуманитарный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian State University for the Humanities</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>12</day><month>11</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>54</fpage><lpage>68</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Каспина М.М., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Каспина М.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kaspina M.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://history.rsuh.ru/jour/article/view/1012">https://history.rsuh.ru/jour/article/view/1012</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье рассматриваются практики, связанные с почитанием портрета Рыбницкого ребе (Хаима Занвла Абрамовича, 1902–1995), распространенные в настоящее время среди выходцев из Рыбницы (сейчас – Приднестровье). В основе статьи лежат полевые исследования в г. Рыбнице в 2011–2019 гг., а также анализ агиографической литературы на идише и иврите, вышедшей в США после смерти ребе. В контексте общих взглядов на портреты раввинов в хасидизме изучается амбивалентное отношение к изображению цадика. Во многих устных нарративах сохраняется мотив постоянного оправдания практики обращения к портрету Хаима Занвла. Изображение ребе, распечатанный на холсте портрет, есть практически в каждой семье, которая помнила Рыбницкого ребе. Его дарила выходцам из Рыбницы вдова ребе, которая в начале 2000- х гг. собирала материалы для написания агиографической книги о муже. Фотография для портрета была выдержана в классическом стиле раввинских портретов XIX–XX вв. Ребе изображен сидящем над священной книгой, в ритуальном облачении – в талесе и с тфилин на голове, взгляд его направлен прямо на зрителя. Несмотря на то что у евреев не принято иметь иконы, картинки и т. п., из интервью выясняется, что портрет цадика функционирует именно в этом качестве. С ним разговаривают, ему молятся, он висит в значимом месте дома или сопровождает последователей цадика в повседневной жизни в виде карточки в кошельке или картинки на брелоках, в автомобилях и на заставках телефонов. Кроме того, для выходцев из Рыбницы портрет Хаима Занвла становится иконой еврейской идентичности, оказывается способом социальной связи внутри общины и за ее пределами.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article examines the practices associated with the veneration of the portrait of the Rybnitser Rebbe (Chaim Zanvl Abramovich, 1902–1995) that are currently common among natives of Rybnitsa (now Transnistria). The study is based on field research in Rybnitsa in 2011–2019, as well as on the analysis of hagiographic literature in Yiddish and Hebrew, published in the United States after the death of the rebbe. The ambivalent attitude towards the depiction of the tzaddik is studied in the context of general ideas concerning portraits of rabbis in Hasidism. In many oral narratives, the motive of the constant justification of the practice of referring to the portrait of Chaim Zanvl remains. The image of the rebbe, a portrait printed on canvas, is kept in almost every family that remember the Rybnitser rebbe. The portrait was given to the people of Rybnitsa by the rebbe’s widow, who in the early 2000s collected materials for writing a hagiographic book about her husband. The photograph for the portrait was made in the classical style of rabbinical portraits of the 19th and 20th centuries. The Rebbe is depicted sitting over a holy book, in ritual dresses such as tallit with tefillin on his head, looking straight at the viewer. Despite the fact that it is not customary for Jews to have icons, pictures, etc., the interviews reveal the fact that the portrait of the tzaddik functions precisely like holy image. People talk to the portrait and pray to it; they hang it in a significant place at their homes; they keep it as a card in a wallet or as a small picture on key chains, in cars and on phone screensavers. In addition, for people from Rybnitsa the portrait of Chaim Zanvl becomes an icon of Jewish identity, a tool of social connection within the community and beyond.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>хасидизм</kwd><kwd>портрет</kwd><kwd>икона</kwd><kwd>цадик</kwd><kwd>религиозные практики иудаизма</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Hasidism</kwd><kwd>portrait</kwd><kwd>icon</kwd><kwd>tzaddik</kwd><kwd>religious practices of Judaism</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование было проведено в рамках грантовой программы Исследовательского центра «Еврейский музей и Центр толерантности» (Москва) при финансовой поддержке А.И. Клячина.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Каспина 2019 – Каспина М.М. 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