The article is about an issue of researching the autofiction genre as a phenomenon of modern literature. The interdisciplinary nature of the described phenomenon is substantiated, arguments are given in favor of the close relationship between literary theory, philosophy, history, psychology, sociology, narratology, ethnography, psychoanalysis in the works of the autofiction genre. Autofiction is presented as an experimental platform for obtaining new scientific knowledge in the field of various sciences. Author considers popular rules for creating works in the autofiction genre, such as demolition of the genre construction, “author’s surrogate”, “self-insertion”, therapeutic effect, discussion of non-standard issues. Exceptions to the rules are given on the examples of the works by A. Sekisov “The God of Anxiety” and G.V. Vrublevskaya “Half of a suitcase, or Writers are not born writers”: the lack of professional literary education of the author, the mixing of the autofiction genre with classical prose, etc., which do not affect the popularity of the authors and their literary works. The conclusion is made about the premature decision about the positive prospects for the development of the genre and the need to use interdisciplinary approaches in the study of autofiction as a phenomenon of modern literature.