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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">history</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">ВЕСТНИК РГГУ. Серия «Литературоведение. Языкознание. Культурология»</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>RSUH/RGGU Bulletin: “Literary Teory. Linguistics. Cultural Studies”, Series</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-6355</issn><publisher><publisher-name>RSUH</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.28995/2686-7249-2024-5-110-140</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">history-1605</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОПИСАТЕЛЬНЫЕ И ТЕОРЕТИЧЕСКИЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>RESEARCH ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Каузативные оппозиции в христианском урмийском новоарамейском</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Causative verb alternation in Christian Urmi Neo-Aramaic</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шведова</surname><given-names>Е. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shvedova</surname><given-names>E. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Елена Е. Шведова</p><p>105066, Москва, Старая Басманная ул., д. 21/4; 199053, Санкт-Петербург, Тучков переулок, д.9</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena E. Shvedova</p><p>21/4, Staraya Basmannaya St., Moscow,  105066; 9, Tuchkov Line, Saint-Petersburg, 199053</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shvedovalena98@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики»;  Институт лингвистических исследований РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>HSE University; Institute for Linguistic Studies, RAS</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>07</day><month>08</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>110</fpage><lpage>140</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Шведова Е.Е., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Шведова Е.Е.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shvedova E.E.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://history.rsuh.ru/jour/article/view/1605">https://history.rsuh.ru/jour/article/view/1605</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье рассматриваются особенности формального устройства каузативных оппозиций в христианском урмийском новоарамейском языке. На материале полевых данных, собранных в ходе экспедиции в село Урмия Краснодарского края, изучаются способы кодирования отношений в выборке из 31 каузативно-некаузативной глагольной пары, предложенной М. Хаспельматом. Показано, что для урмийского релевантна «шкала самопроизвольности» М. Хаспельмата: ситуации, с наибольшей вероятностью возникающие самопроизвольно, типа ‘кипеть’ или ‘сохнуть’, обозначаются в урмийском непроизводными глаголами, а их каузативные корреляты (‘кипятить’, ‘сушить’) морфологически маркированы. Для обозначения ситуаций, возникновение которых обычно происходит под воздействием внешней силы, таких как ‘ломаться’ или ‘раскалываться’, в урмийском используются лабильные глаголы. Последние занимают нишу понижающей актантной деривации, что подтверждается сравнением урмийского с классическим сирийским, где сохранялся декаузативный показатель. Делаются предварительные выводы о стабильности каузативного маркирования в арамейских языках и неоднородности класса урмийских лабильных глаголов. В целом рост числа лабильных глаголов является инновативной новоарамейской чертой, однако можно выделить небольшую группу значений, которые стабильно передаются лабильными глаголами на протяжении нескольких веков.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article is devoted to causative verb alternation in Christian Urmi Neo-Aramaic. I have analyzed the formal types of 31 causal/noncausal verb pairs developed by M. Haspelmath (1993). Field data were collected during the fieldtrip to the village of Urmiya, Krasnodar Krai, Russia. I show that Haspelmath’s ordering of verb meanings according to the likelihood of spontaneous occurrence is valid for Urmi Neo-Aramaic. Events that are most likely to arise spontaneously, such as ‘boil’ or ‘dry’, are encoded by non-derived verbs in Christian Urmi, and their causative counterparts (‘boil’, ‘dry’) are morphologically marked. Labile verbs are used in Christian Urmi to denote situations that usually require an external agent, such as ‘break’ or ‘split’. The latter have replaced the anticausative encoding, which was preserved in Classical Syriac. Both Urmi Neo-Aramaic and Classical Syriac show predominance of the causative type of marking, so this type is diachronically stable. Urmi labile verbs can be divided into two groups: some were already labile in Syriac while the lability of others is an innovative Neo-Aramaic feature.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>новоарамейские языки</kwd><kwd>христианский урмийский</kwd><kwd>каузатив</kwd><kwd>декаузатив</kwd><kwd>лабильные глаголы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Neo-Aramaic languages</kwd><kwd>Christian Urmi</kwd><kwd>causative</kwd><kwd>anticausative</kwd><kwd>labile verbs</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено при поддержке Российского фонда фундаментальных исследований, грант № 20-012-00312 «Документация северовосточных новоарамейских идиомов на территории России». Я глубоко признательна С.С. Саю и А.А. Русских за участие во вдохновляющих обсуждениях исследования и редактирование текста статьи, П.М. Аркадьеву, членам редколлегии и анонимному рецензенту за внимательное чтение статьи и бесценные комментарии, Е.В. Русиновой за помощь в оформлении данных, а также всем коллегам по ассирийской экспедиции и нашим консультантам из с. Урмия, благодаря бесконечной отзывчивости которых стало возможно это исследование.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This work was supported by RFBR, project no. 20-012-00312 “Documentation of Northeastern Neo-Aramaic spoken in Russia”. I express my gratitude to Sergey Say and Alina Russkikh for inspiring discussions of the research and their help in writing the article. I also thank Peter Arkadiev, the editors of the Moscow Journal of Linguistics and the anonymous reviewer for their attentive reading and valuable critical comments. I am grateful to Ekaterina Rusinova for her help with visualizations, as well as to all the participants of the Assyrian expedition and to our consultants from the village Urmiya, who have made this research possible.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Коган 2009 – Коган Л.Е. Семитские языки // Языки мира: Семитские языки. Аккадский язык. Северозападносемитские языки / Ред. Белова А.Г., Коган Л.Е., Лёзов С.В., Романова О.И. М.: Academia, 2009. С. 15–113.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Alexiadou, A. and Anagnostopoulou, E. (2004), “Voice morphology in the causativeinchoative alternation: evidence for a non-unified structural analysis of unaccusatives”, in Alexiadou, A., Anagnostopoulou, E. and Everaert, M. 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