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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">history</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник РГГУ. Серия: Литературоведение. Языкознание. Культурология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>RSUH/RGGU Bulletin: “Literary Teory. Linguistics. Cultural Studies”, Series</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-6355</issn><publisher><publisher-name>RSUH</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.28995/2686-7249-2025-5-55-69</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">history-1875</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ХРОНОТОП В СРЕДНЕВЕКОВОЙ СКАНДИНАВСКОЙ КУЛЬТУРЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>THE CHRONOTOPE IN OLD NORSE CULTURE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Видовое деление исландских саг и «хронотоп» М.М. Бахтина</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Genre classification of Icelandic sagas and M.M. Bakhtin’s “Chronotope”</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Джаксон</surname><given-names>Т. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Jackson</surname><given-names>T. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Татьяна Н. Джаксон, доктор исторических наук</p><p>119334, Москва, Ленинский пр-кт, д. 32а</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatiana N. Jackson, Dr. of Sci. (History)</p><p>32a, Leninskii Av., Moscow, 119334</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Tatjana.Jackson@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт всеобщей истории РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of World History, Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>23</day><month>07</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>55</fpage><lpage>69</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Джаксон Т.Н., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Джаксон Т.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Jackson T.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://history.rsuh.ru/jour/article/view/1875">https://history.rsuh.ru/jour/article/view/1875</self-uri><abstract><p>Статья посвящена проблеме жанровой классификации древнеисландской саги. Сага представляет собой уникальный жанр словесности и распадается на несколько видов, или под-жанров, которые исследователями определяются по-разному. Преимущественно используется традиционная схема, основанная на тематико-хронологическом принципе, выделяющая «королевские саги», посвященные истории Норвегии с древнейших времен до конца XIII в.; «родовые саги», описывающие историю исландских родов с момента заселения Исландии в конце IX в.; «саги о древних временах», повествующие о событиях в Скандинавии до конца IX в.; «саги о епископах», т. е. жизнеописания исландских епископов; комплекс саг о событиях в Исландии в XII–XIII вв. «Сага о Стурлунгах», а также «рыцарские саги», представляющие собой прозаические пересказы рыцарских романов, и аналогичные им собственно скандинавские саги; жизнеописания святых; переводы исторической и псевдоисторической литературы. Параллельно существует деление саг на «саги о современности», «саги о прошлом» и «саги о древности». С конца прошлого века саговеды активно привлекают к обсуждению жанровых особенностей саг сформулированную М.М. Бахтиным теорию «хронотопа» – единства временны́х и пространственных отношений, отразившегося в литературе. На примере «саг о древних временах», и в частности «Саги об Ингваре Путешественнике», в статье показано, что одного хронотопа для создания классификации саговых под-жанров недостаточно, что саги по своей внутренней организации гораздо сложнее, а их отличительной чертой является «гибридность» – соединение в каждой отдельной саге характерных черт под-жанров традиционной классификации.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The paper focuses on the issue of genre classification of the Old Icelandic saga. The saga is a unique genre of literature and is divided into several subgenres which various scholars define differently. Typically, scholarship employs traditional schemes based on thematic and chronological principles; it differentiates between the “kings’ sagas” dedicated to the history of Norway from ancient times until the end of the 13th century; “family sagas” that recount the history of Icelandic families from the settlement of Iceland in the late 9th century; “sagas of ancient times” which narrate events in Scandinavia up to the end of the 9th century; “bishops’ sagas,” meaning biographies of Icelandic bishops; a collection of sagas detailing events in Iceland during the 12th and 13th centuries known as the “Sturlunga saga”; along with “chivalric sagas,” which are prose retellings of chivalric romances and similar indigenous Scandinavian sagas; biographies of saints; and translations of historical and pseudo-historical literature. Simultaneously, there exists a categorisation of sagas into the “sagas of modern times,” “sagas of the past,” and “sagas of antiquity.” Since the end of the last century, saga scholars have actively employed M.M. Bakhtin’s theory of the “chronotope” – the unity of temporal and spatial relations reflected in literature – to discuss the genre characteristics of the sagas. Using the example of the “sagas of ancient times”, and in particular “Yngvars saga viðfǫrla”, the author demonstrates that the “chronotope” as such is an insufficient basis for creating a functioning classification of saga sub-genres. The author argues that sagas are inherently complex in their internal organisation since their defining characteristic is “hybridity”, which emerges from individual sagas’ combining the distinctive features of subgenres traditionally classified in preceding scholarship.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>исландские саги</kwd><kwd>жанр</kwd><kwd>под-жанры</kwd><kwd>видовое деление саг</kwd><kwd>хронотоп</kwd><kwd>гибридность</kwd><kwd>«Сага об Ингваре Путешественнике»</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Icelandic sagas</kwd><kwd>genre</kwd><kwd>sub-genres</kwd><kwd>“chronotope”</kwd><kwd>hybridity</kwd><kwd>“Yngvars saga viðfǫrla”</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бахтин 1975 – Бахтин М.М. Формы времени и хронотопа в романе: Очерки по исторической поэтике // Бахтин М.М. Вопросы литературы и эстетики. М.: Худож. лит., 1975. 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