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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">history</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">ВЕСТНИК РГГУ. Серия «Литературоведение. Языкознание. Культурология»</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>RSUH/RGGU Bulletin: “Literary Teory. Linguistics. Cultural Studies”, Series</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-6355</issn><publisher><publisher-name>RSUH</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.28995/2686-7249-2019-2-41-54</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">history-650</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЛИТЕРАТУРОВЕДЕНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>LITERARY THEORY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Западноевропейская философия как источник теории народа-богоносца Шатова</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Western European Philosophy as the Source of Shatov’s Theory of Russians as the God-Bearing People</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ковалевская</surname><given-names>Т. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kovalevskaya</surname><given-names>T. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Татьяна В. Ковалевская, доктор философских наук, кандидат филологических наук, PhD (Yale University), доцент</p><p>ГСП-3, 125993, г. Москва, Миусская пл., д. 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatyana V. Kovalevskaya, Dr. of Sci. (Philosophy), Cand. of Sci. (Philology), PhD (Yale University), associate professor </p><p>bld. 6, Miusskaya sq., Moscow, GSP-3, Russia, 125993</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tkowalewska@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский государственный гуманитарный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian State University for the Humanities</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>14</day><month>08</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>41</fpage><lpage>54</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ковалевская Т.В., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ковалевская Т.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kovalevskaya T.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://history.rsuh.ru/jour/article/view/650">https://history.rsuh.ru/jour/article/view/650</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье рассматривается работа Жан-Жака Руссо «Об общественном договоре» как источник теории народа-богоносца Шатова в романе «Бесы». Трактат Руссо анализируется в сопоставлении с «Левиафаном» Т. Гоббса как проявление типичной для Просвещения политической идеологии – антихристианской по своей сути, хотя и сохраняющей внешне уважение и даже приверженность к христианской вере. Рассматривается фактическое наделение народа божественными правами у Гоббса как модификация «божественного права королей» и описание бога как коллективной народной идентичности у Руссо. Показывается, что теория Шатова является доведением до логического завершения идей Руссо, высказанных в «Общественном договоре».</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article considers Jean Jacque Rousseau’s Social Contract as a source of Shatov’s idea of god-bearing people in Dostoevsky’s Demons. Rousseau’s treatise is juxtaposed with Thomas Hobbes’ Leviathanas manifesting the typical Enlightenment ideology that is in essence anti-Christian even though it professes outward respect for the Christian faith. The article considers the transformation of the idea of the divine right of kings in Hobbes where the people are endowed with the power to vest their sovereign with essentially divine authority. The article also considers Rousseau’s descriptions of gods as nations’ collective identities. Shatov’s theory is demonstrated to be a logical continuation of the ideas proposed in Rousseau’s Social Contract.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Руссо</kwd><kwd>общественный договор</kwd><kwd>Гоббс</kwd><kwd>Левиафан</kwd><kwd>договор</kwd><kwd>божественное право королей</kwd><kwd>народ как божество</kwd><kwd>бог как национальная идентичность</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Rousseau</kwd><kwd>Social Contract</kwd><kwd>Hobbes</kwd><kwd>Leviathan</kwd><kwd>covenant</kwd><kwd>divine rights of kings</kwd><kwd>people as deity</kwd><kwd>god as national identity</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Достоевский Ф.М. Полное собрание сочинений: В 30 т. Л.: Наука, 1972–1991.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dostoevskii FM. Complete Works. 30 vols. Leningrad: Nauka Publ., 1972–1991. 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