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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">history</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">ВЕСТНИК РГГУ. Серия «Литературоведение. Языкознание. Культурология»</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>RSUH/RGGU Bulletin: “Literary Teory. Linguistics. Cultural Studies”, Series</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-6355</issn><publisher><publisher-name>RSUH</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.28995/2686-7249-2019-1-1-59-69</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">history-678</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СРЕДНЕВЕКОВЬЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MIDDLE AGES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Возможные источники раннехристианской иконографии сцены «Иона под тыквенной лозой»</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Probable origin of the Early Christian Iconography of Jonah under the Gourd Vine scene</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Куватова</surname><given-names>В. З.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuvatova</surname><given-names>V. Z.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Валерия З. Куватова</p><p>107031, Москва, ул. Рождественка, д. 12</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Valeria Z. Kuvatova</p><p>bld. 12, Rozhdestvenka st., Moscow, 107031</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kintosha@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Институт востоковедения  РАН<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Institute of Oriental Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>14</day><month>10</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1-1</issue><fpage>59</fpage><lpage>69</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Куватова В.З., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Куватова В.З.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kuvatova V.Z.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://history.rsuh.ru/jour/article/view/678">https://history.rsuh.ru/jour/article/view/678</self-uri><abstract><p>В исследовании предпринята попытка обоснования возможного александрийского происхождения раннехристианской иконографии сцены «Иона под тыквенной лозой», которая была самым популярным раннехристианским сюжетом в III-IV вв. Если иконография фигуры пророка, по мнению ряда исследователей, восходит к античным образцам («Сон Эндимиона» и др.), то мотив тыквенной лозы в античном искусстве не встречается, за исключением единственного памятника - александрийской гробницы III Вардиан, датировка которой варьируется от III в. до н. э. до IV в. н. э. В статье приведены аргументы в пользу датировки росписей I в. до н. э. Появление тыквенной лозы в иконографии сцены отдыха Ионы связано с греческим переводом еврейской Библии - Септуагинтой, сделанным в Александрии в III в. до н. э. В тексте на иврите речь идет о другом растении с тенистыми листьями. Таким образом, и упоминание в священной книге, и первые изображения бутылочной тыквы, и иконографический тип мужской фигуры, лежащей под тыквенной лозой, имеют александрийское происхождение. Следовательно, александрийская погребальная живопись может рассматриваться как вероятный источник иконографии раннехристианской сцены отдыха Ионы.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This study attempts to trace the origin of the iconography of an Early Christian scene, Jonah under the Gourd Vine, which used to be a most popular subject in the centuries III—IV AD. According to many scholars, the prophet's iconography derived from pagan scenes such as Endimion's dream. In the meantime, this convincing hypothesis does not explain the origin of the second sine qua non iconographic element of the episode — a gourd vine entwining a pergola. The El-Wardian paintings have been loosely dated from III BC through IV AD, but the study argues for the first century BC as its most likely date. The entrance of the gourd vine motif into the scene can be traced to the Greek translation of the Bible — the Septuagint, which was made in III BC, in Alexandria. The Jewish Bible refers to another plant. Thus the first mention in Early Christian texts, the first depictions of the gourd vine and the iconographic type of a male figure reclining under the gourd vine all came from Alexandria. It seems justified to suggest pagan Alexandrian funerary art as a probable source for the Early Christian iconography of Jonah under the gourd vine.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>раннехристианское искусство</kwd><kwd>погребальное искусство Египта</kwd><kwd>александрийские гробницы</kwd><kwd>иконография Ионы</kwd><kwd>погребальное искусство Александрии</kwd><kwd>тыквенная лоза</kwd><kwd>Иона под тыквенной лозой</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Early Christian art</kwd><kwd>Jonah under the Gourd Vine</kwd><kwd>Ptolemaic funerary painting</kwd><kwd>Alexandrian art</kwd><kwd>El-Wardian tomb</kwd><kwd>Early Christian iconography</kwd><kwd>iconography of Jonah resting</kwd><kwd>gourd vine</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dresken-Weiland J. Bild, Grab und Wort. 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