<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">history</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">ВЕСТНИК РГГУ. Серия «Литературоведение. Языкознание. Культурология»</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>RSUH/RGGU Bulletin: “Literary Teory. Linguistics. Cultural Studies”, Series</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-6355</issn><publisher><publisher-name>RSUH</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.28995/2686-7249-2020-2-45-58</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">history-816</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЛИТЕРАТУРОВЕДЕНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>LITERARY THEORY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Спор в публицистике Достоевского: дискурс или инструмент коммуникации?</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Debates in Dostoevsky’s Journalism. Discourse or a Tool for Communication?</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Прохоров</surname><given-names>Г. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Prokhorov</surname><given-names>G. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Георгий С. Прохоров, доктор филологических наук, доцент</p><p>140410, г. Коломна Московской области, ул. Зеленая, д. 30</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Georgii S. Prokhorov, Dr. of Sci. (Philology), associate professor</p><p>bld. 30, Zeleonaya Str., Kolomna, Moscow Region </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">hoshea.prokhorov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Государственный социально-гуманитарный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>State University of Social Studies and Humanities</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>12</day><month>08</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>45</fpage><lpage>58</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Прохоров Г.С., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Прохоров Г.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Prokhorov G.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://history.rsuh.ru/jour/article/view/816">https://history.rsuh.ru/jour/article/view/816</self-uri><abstract><p>Полифоническая поэтика Достоевского наполняет его произведения диалогами, полемикой, различными qui pro quo, одним словом – спором. Между тем с античных времен спор как речевой жанр связан с риторикой – с применением в политике, суде, обучении. Он – риторический инструмент, позволяющий сравнить и оценить силу различных утверждений. Однако он же – дискурс, речевое следствие пребывания нескольких лиц в ситуации речевого противостояния. В статье мы обращаемся к ряду фрагментов «Дневника Писателя» Достоевского – «Среда», «Парадоксалист» и «Piccola Bestia» – и на их основе проясняем функцию спора в публицистике писателя. Мы вскрываем последовательно присущий письму Достоевского антириторизм. Герои вступают в полемику, выдвигают аргументы, которые являют всё большую искусственность и натянутость утверждаемых в споре позиций. Полемизирующие замолкают, но победа не присуждается никому. Кажущийся победителем в споре занимает точку зрения, противоречащую представлениям об универсальных ценностях. Достоевский демонстрирует отношение к риторике, сходное с отношением Платона и его школы. Риторика способна увлечь, но она всегда лжива. Спор предстает процессом, дискурсом, но только не средством отыскания истины.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Due to the polyphonic nature of Dostoevsky’s poetics his works are full of dialogues, arguments, qui pro quo scenes, i.e. debates of all sorts. Meanwhile, since Antiquity, the dispute as a speech genre has been associated with rhetoric – being used in politics, courts, education, etc. Debates are a rhetoric tool for the comparison and evaluation of controversial statements. At the same time, it is a discursive practice used by several persons in the speech quarrellings. The article refers to some episodes from Dostoevsky’s A Writer’s Diary – “The Environment”, “A Paradoxalist”, and “A Piccola Bestia” – to explore the role of debates in Dostoevsky’s journalism. What it traces there is Dostoevsky’s bold anti-rhetoric stance which forms his manner of writing. His protagonists polemicize, make arguments that are becoming increasingly artificial and tense in the positions being approved in the dispute. The polemicists fall silent, but victory is not awarded to anyone. The seeming a winner in a dispute, takes a point of view that contradicts the concept of universal values. Dostoevsky demonstrates an attitude to rhetoric similar to that of Plato and his school. Rhetoric can captivate, but it is always false. The debate is a process, a discourse, but not a means of finding the truth.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Достоевский</kwd><kwd>публицистика</kwd><kwd>риторика</kwd><kwd>аргумент</kwd><kwd>спор</kwd><kwd>антириторизм</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Dostoevsky</kwd><kwd>journalism</kwd><kwd>rhetoric</kwd><kwd>reason</kwd><kwd>debate</kwd><kwd>anti-rhetoric</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бахтин 1997 – Бахтин М.М. Проблема речевых жанров // Бахтин М.М. Собрание сочинений: В 7 т. Т. 5. М.: Русские словари, 1997. С. 159–206.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bakhtin, M.M. (1997), “The issue of speech genres”, Bakhtin, M.M., Sobranie sochinenii v 7 t. [Collection of works in 7 vols.], vol. 5, Russkie slovari, Moscow, Russia, pp. 159–206.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бахтин 2000 – Бахтин М.М. Проблемы творчества Достоевского // Бахтин М.М. Собрание сочинений: В 7 т. Т. 5. М.: Русские словари, 1997. С. 7–175.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bakhtin, M.M. (2000), “Issues of Dostoevsky’s creative art”, Bakhtin, M.M. Sobranie sochinenii v 7 t. [Collection of works in 7 vols. v. 5], vol. 2, Russkie slovari, Moscow, Russia, pp. 7–175.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Гроссман 2000 – Гроссман Л. Исповедь одного еврея. М.: Деконт+; Подкова, 2000. 192 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Grossman, L. (2000), Ispoved’ odnogo evreya [Confession of a Jew], Dekont+ / Podkova, Moscow, Russia.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кистяковский 1991 – Кистяковский Б.А. В защиту права. (Интеллигенция и правосознание) // Вехи. Из глубины. М.: Правда, 1991. С. 122–149.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Herrick, J. (2001), The History and Theory of Rhetoric: An Introduction, Allyn&amp;Bacon, Boston, MA, USA.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Нечаева 1922 – Нечаева В.С. Предисловие // Достоевский Ф.М. Петербургская летопись: Четыре статьи 1847 г. (Из неизданных произведений). Пб.; Берлин: Эпоха, 1922. С. 7–23.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kennedy, G. (1999), Classical Rhetorics &amp; Its Christian and Secular Tradition from Ancient to Modern Times, North Carolina UP, Chapel Hill, NC.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Поспеловский 2003 – Поспеловский Д.В. Тоталитаризм и вероисповедание. М.: ББИ, 2003. 660 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kistyakovskii, B.A. (1991), “In defense of law (Intelligentsia and feeling for law and order)”, Vekhi. Iz glubiny [Milestones. From the depth], Pravda, Moscow, Russia, pp. 122–149.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Сидоров 1924 – Сидоров В.А. О «Дневнике Писателя» // Ф.М. Достоевский: Статьи и материалы / Под ред. А.С. Долинина. Сб. 2. Л.; М.: Мысль, 1924. С. 111–116.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kramer, M. (1995), “Breakable Rules for Literary Journalists”, Sims, N. and Kramer, M. (eds.), Literary Journalism, Ballantine books, New York, USA, pp. 21–34.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Тертычный 2000 – Тертычный А.А. Жанры периодической печати. М.: Аспект Пресс, 2000. 312 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nechaeva, V.S. (1922), “Predislovie” [Introduction], Dostoevskii, F.M., Peterburgskaya letopis’: Chetyre stat’i 1847 g. (Iz neizdannykh proizvedenii) [The Petersburg chronicle. Four articles from 1847 (From unpublished works)], Epokha, Peterburg / Berlin, pp. 7–23.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Туниманов 1965 – Туниманов В.А. Художественные произведения в «Дневнике писателя» Ф.М. Достоевского: Дис. … канд. филол. наук. Л., 1965.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pospielovskii, D.V. (2003), Totalitarizm i veroispovedanie [Totalitarianism and Faith], BBI, Moscow, Russia.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Щурова 2005 – Щурова В.В. «Дневник Писателя» Ф.М. Достоевского. Типология, жанр, антропология: Дис. … канд. филол. наук. Воронеж, 2005.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sidorov, V.A. (1924), “O Dnevnike Pisatelya” [On A Writer’s Diary], Dolinin, A.S. (ed.) F.M. Dostoevskii: Issledovaniya i materialy. [F.M. Dostoevsky. Research and sources], vol. 2, Mysl’, Leningrad / Moscow, pp. 111–116.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Herrick 2001 – Herrick J. The History and Theory of Rhetoric: An Introduction. Boston: Allyn&amp;Bacon, 2001. 304 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sims, N. (1995), “The Art of Literary Journalism”, Sims, N. and Kramer, M. (eds.), Literary Journalism, Ballantine books, New York, USA, pp. 3–19.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kennedy 1999 – Kennedy G. Classical Rhetorics &amp; Its Christian and Secular Tradition from Ancient to Modern Times. Chapel Hill: North Carolina UP, 1999. 349 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tertychnyi, A.A. (2000), Zhanry periodicheskoi pechati [Genres of the periodicals], Aspekt Press, Moscow, Russia.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kramer 1995 – Kramer M. Breakable Rules for Literary Journalists // Literary Journalism. N.Y.: Ballantine books, 1995. С. 21–34.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tunimanov, V.A. (1965), Khudozhestvennye proizvedeniya v «Dnevnike Pisatelya» F.M. Dostoevskogo [Pieces of fiction in A Writer’s Diary by F.M. Dostoevsky], Ph.D. Thesis, IRLI, Leningrad, USSR.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sims 1995 – Sims N. The Art of Literary Journalism // Sims N. &amp; Kramer M. (Eds.) Literary Journalism. NY: Ballantine books, 1995. С. 3–19.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shchurova, V.V. (2005), «Dnevnik Pisatelya» F.M. Dostoevskogo. Tipologiya, zhanr, antropologiya [A Writer’s Diary by F.M. Dostoevsky. Typology. Genre. Anthropology], Ph.D. Thesis, Voronezh University, Voronezh, Russia.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
