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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">history</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">ВЕСТНИК РГГУ. Серия «Литературоведение. Языкознание. Культурология»</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>RSUH/RGGU Bulletin: “Literary Teory. Linguistics. Cultural Studies”, Series</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-6355</issn><publisher><publisher-name>RSUH</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.28995/2686-7249-2021-6-53-64</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">history-995</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ДАНИЛОВСКИЕ ЧТЕНИЯ. АНТИЧНОСТЬ – СРЕДНЕВЕКОВЬЕ – РЕНЕССАНС. ИСКУССТВО И КУЛЬТУРА. СБОРНИК 4</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CONFERENCE DEDICATED TO THE MEMORY OF IRINA DANILOVA ANTIQUITY – MIDDLE AGES – RENAISSANCE: ART AND CULTURE ISSUE 4</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Иоахим Флорский, миссия нищенствущих орденов и ранний итальянский полиптих</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Ioachim of Flores, mendicant orders and the early Italian altarpiece</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Назарова</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nazarova</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ольга А. Назарова, кандидат искусствоведения</p><p>101000, Москва, ул. Мясницкая, д. 20</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga A. Nazarova, Cand. of Sci. (Art Studies)</p><p>bld. 20, Myasnitskaya St., Moscow, 101000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">O_Nazarova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Research University Higher School of Economics</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>09</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>53</fpage><lpage>64</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Назарова О.А., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Назарова О.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Nazarova O.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://history.rsuh.ru/jour/article/view/995">https://history.rsuh.ru/jour/article/view/995</self-uri><abstract><p>Статья представляет собой попытку прояснить смысловые программы раннего итальянского живописного полиптиха. Причины появления этого особого типа алтарного образа, который распространился в 1260–1320-х гг. в церквях нищенствующих орденов, и рост его популярности в монашеской среде получили лишь частичное объяснение в существующей научной литературе. Новая перспектива в его изучении открывается при рассмотрении смысловых программ ранних полипихов в контексте эсхатологических ожиданий эпохи, заданных пророчествами Иоахима Флорского и представлений нищенствующих орденов о своей миссии, сформированных на фоне этих ожиданий. Сопоставление полиптихов с более поздними орденскими ансамблями, в которых нашли отражение эти представления, позволяет увидеть, что алтарный полиптих доминиканцев и францисканцев выступал в первую очередь наглядной репрезентацией миссий каждого из орденов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The paper aims at clarifying the meanings of early Italian painted polyptychs. The rationale behind the genesis of this particular type of altarpiece, which spread rapidly in the 1260s–1320s and became very popular in the churches of the Dominicans and Franciscans, has received only partial explanation in existing scholarship. A new perspective in its study can be advanced through consideration of the mission of early polyptychs in the context of eschatological expectations of the era, which were largely defined by the prophecies of Joachim of Flores. These expectations shaped the mendicant orders’ narratives of their own missions, which found explicit expression in their art only much later. By confronting the early polyptych with the later orders’ pieces reflecting their identity, the author argues that early mendicant altarpieces served primarily as visual representations of each order’s mission, which largely determined their popularity.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>алтарный образ</kwd><kwd>итальянская живопись</kwd><kwd>патронаж нищенствующих орденов</kwd><kwd>миссия нищенствующих орденов</kwd><kwd>cредневековая эсхатология</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Panel Painting</kwd><kwd>Altarpiece</kwd><kwd>Italian Painting</kwd><kwd>Patronage of Mendicant Orders</kwd><kwd>Mission of Mendicant Orders</kwd><kwd>Medieval Eschatology</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ле Гофф 2011 – Ле Гофф Ж. Рождение чистилища. М.: Астрель, 2011. 539 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cannon, J. 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