NOMOS and NOMOI in the Second Book of the Maccabees
https://doi.org/10.28995/2686-7249-2016-6-9-38
Abstract
The article discusses the semantic difference between the singular and the plural forms of the word νόμος (law) in the Second Book of the Maccabees. In Greek translations of books of the Hebrew canon, the plural νόμοι is used extremely rarely; normally νόμος is used in the singular (there is only one Law of Moses in the same way as there is one God and one Temple). In classical Greek, on the contrary, νόμοι is a standard designation for a legislative corpus. In the Apocrypha both singular νόμος and plural νόμοι are used, but, except in 2 Macc, no system has hither to been proposed. The present article argues that 2 Maccshows a theologically important semantic opposition between what was the norm for the Septuagint (νόμος as, primarily, the unique Law of Moses) and what was the norm in classical Greek usage (νόμοι as the corpus of traditional laws).
About the Authors
Nina Braginskaya
Russian State University for the Humanities
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Mikhail Seleznev
Russian State University for the Humanities
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Anna Shmaina-Velikanova
Russian State University for the Humanities
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
References
1. Книги Маккавеев (Четыре Книги Маккавеев) / Пер. с др.-греч., введ., коммент. Н.В. Брагинской, А.Н. Коваля, А.И. Шмаиной-Великановой; под общ. ред. Н.В. Брагинской; науч. ред. М. Туваль. М.: Мосты культуры / Гешарим, 2014. С. 62-63.
2. Strack H.L., Billerbeck P. Kommentar zum Neuen Testament aus Talmud und Midrasch: In 6 Bd. München: Beck’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, 1922. Bd. 1. S. 927, 943; Bd. 2. S. 314.
3. A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament with an appendix containing the Biblical Aramaic: based on the lexicon of William Gesenius as translated by Edward Robinson / Ed. F. Brown, S.R. Driver, Ch.A. Briggs. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1907.
4. Theological dictionary of the New Testament: In 10 vols / Ed. G. Kittel, G.W. Bromiley, G. Friedrich. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1967. Vol. 4. P. 1039 ff.
5. Rahlfs A., Hanhart R. Septuaginta: id est Vetus Testamentum Graece iuxta LXX interpretes. Stuttgart: Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft, 2006.
6. Blank S. The LXX Rendering of Old Testament Terms for Law // Hebrew Union College Annual. 1930. Vol. 7. P. 259-283.
7. Brooke A.E., McLean N., Thackeray H.St.J. 1-2 Kings. The Old Testament in Greek according to the Text of Codex Vaticanus, 2,2. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1930. P. 345.
8. Marcos N.F., Saiz J.R.B. El texto antioqueno de la Biblia Griega, II, 1-2 Reyes. Madrid, 1992. P. 122.
9. Ziegler J. Ieremias, Baruch, Threni, Epistula Ieremiae. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 1957.
10. Wevers J.W. Genesis. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 1974. Р. 249.
11. Wevers J.W. Leviticus. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 1986. Р. 294.
12. Шмаина-Великанова А.И. Книга Руфи как символическая повесть. М: Институт философии, теологии и истории св. Фомы, 2010. С. 183-184.
13. Renaud B. La loi et les lois dans les livres des Maccabees // Revue biblique. 1961. Vol. 68. P. 39-67.
14. Borchardt F. The Torah in 1 Maccabees. A Literary Critical Approach to the Text. Berlin; Boston: Walter de Gruyter, 2014.
15. Redditt P.L. The concept of nomos in Fourth Maccabees // The Catholic Biblical Quarterly. Vol. 45 (2). Apr., 1983. P. 249-270.
16. Monsengwo Pasinya L. La notion de nomos dans le Pentateuque grec. Rome: Biblical institute press, 1973. P. 179-181.
17. Vetus Testamentum Graecum Auctoritate Societatis Litterarum Gottingensis. Vol. 9. Maccabaeorum libri I-IV, fasc. 2: Maccabaeorum liber II / copiis usus quas reliquit W. Kappler / Hrsg. von R. Hanhart. Göttingen: Vanderhoek & Ruprecht, 1959.
18. Vetus Testamentum Graecum Auctoritate Societatis Litterarum Gottingensis. Vol. 9. Maccabaeorum libri I-IV, fasc. 1: Maccabaeorum liber I / Hrsg. von W. Kappler. Göttingen: Vanderhoek & Ruprecht, 1936. S. 30.
19. II Maccabees: A New Translation with Introduction and Commentary / Ed. by J.A. Goldstein. Garden City; N.Y.: Doubleday, 1983.
20. Liddell H.G., Scott R., Jones H.S., McKenzie R. A Greek-English lexicon. Oxford; N.Y.: Clarendon Press; Oxford University Press, 1996. P. 1534.
21. Wilhelm A. Zu einigen Stellen der Bücher der Makkabäer // Anzeiger der Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien. Philosophisch-historische Klasse. 1937. Vol. 74 . Wien: A. Hölder, 1938. S. 22-25.
22. The Jewish Martyrs (2 Maccabees 5:27-7:41) / Coptic text, transl., notes and Coptic variant readings by E.S. Meltzer. Septuagint variant readings by H.-G. Bethge // The Crosby-Schøyen Codex Ms 193 in the Schøyen Collection / Ed. J.E. Goehring. Lovanii: In aedibus E. Peeters, 1990. P. 81-133. (Corpus Scriptorium Christianorum Orintalium. Vol. 521.).
23. Textes copts en dialects akhmimique et sahidique / Ed. par M.P. Lacau // Bulletin de l’institut français d’archéologie orientale. P.: Bibliotheque nationale, Copte 135, 1911. T. 8. P. 68-76.
24. Брагинская Н.В. Греческий как иностранный: осмысление греческой философской терминологии как иудейской богословской // Индоевропейское языкознание и классическая филология-XX-1: Материалы чтений, посвящ. памяти проф. Иосифа Моисеевича Тронского, 21-23 июня 2016 г. СПб.: Наука, 2016. С. 117-136.
Review
For citations:
Braginskaya N., Seleznev M., Shmaina-Velikanova A. NOMOS and NOMOI in the Second Book of the Maccabees. RSUH/RGGU Bulletin: “Literary Teory. Linguistics. Cultural Studies”, Series. 2016;(6):9-38. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.28995/2686-7249-2016-6-9-38
Views:
301
Email this article 